Day 16 Write an Abstract Interactive

1 Look2 Think3 Build together4 Write alone5 Check

Today you will learn

How to write a 100 to 150 word abstract: background, aim, method, results, conclusion. Same Lee (2023) and Smith (2024) homework idea from Day 14 and Day 15. No new topic to learn. Your Day 15 synthesis point becomes the aim line today.

You already know: PEEL from Day 6, cite with year from Day 14, Both plus Together from Day 15, careful may plus is linked to from Day 13. Today we reuse them in short form.

BBackground AAim MMethod RResults CConclusion

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What is an abstract? Done

2 min

Read. Choose.

1. An abstract is:

b) A short summary of a study, 100 to 150 words. a) A long story about your life. c) An email to a teacher.

2. Where do we put an abstract?

b) At the end, after the references. a) At the start of a paper, before the main text. c) In the middle, after the first result.

Tip: Busy readers read the abstract first. Clear abstract, more readers.

Answer key

1. b. 2. a. An abstract is a short summary at the start. Today we aim for 100 to 150 words.

Read our model Done

3 min

Read one time. Then answer.

BMany students spend long late hours on homework and lose focus. Their habits become weak, and learning feels slow. Both Lee (2023) and Smith (2024) suggest short balanced tasks work best.

AThis study aims to test if short daily homework builds stronger habits.

MSixty students joined the study for two weeks in March. Group A did short 20 minute tasks each day. Group B did long 90 minute late tasks. All students took the same habit test at the end.

RResults show that Group A scored 18 percent higher than Group B.

CIn conclusion, short daily homework may build stronger habits and protect focus.

104 words. Same Lee plus Smith idea from Day 15. We use this text all lesson. No new reading.

What helped habits?

b) Long late tasks, 90 minutes at night. c) No homework at all. a) Short daily tasks, 20 minutes each day.

Answer key

a. Short daily tasks helped. Group A scored 18 percent higher. Same shared idea as Day 15.

Name the 5 parts Done

3 min

Write one letter: B, A, M, R, C.

1. This study aims to test if... isPart

2. Sixty students joined... isPart

3. Many students spend long late hours... isPart

4. Results show that Group A scored... isPart

5. In conclusion, short homework may build... isPart

Remember: B A M R C. Problem, goal, what you did, what you found, what it means.

Answer key

A, aim
M, method
B, background
R, results
C, conclusion

Background or aim? Done

2 min

General problem, or this study?

1. Many students lose focus after one hour.

2. This study aims to test a simple solution.

3. Teachers need easy ideas for tired classes.

4. This paper asks if short tasks build habits.

Answer key

1. Background. 2. Aim. 3. Background. 4. Aim. Background is general. Aim says this study.

Method: past verbs Done

2 min

Method happened before. Use past.

1. Sixty studentsthe study.

2. Group Ashort tasks each day.

3. All studentsthe same habit test.

Tip: Method needs numbers too. How many? How long? What test?

Answer key

1. joined. 2. did. 3. took, or did, or completed. All past.

Careful results Done

2 min

Good research is careful. No big claims.

Which sentence is best? Same careful rule as Day 13.

b) Results show that Group A scored 18 percent higher than Group B. a) Short tasks prove all students will focus forever. c) Short tasks are perfect and always work.

Which ending is careful?

b) Short homework will fix every problem. a) Short homework may build stronger habits. c) Short homework always works.

Words to use: show, suggest, may, compared to. Avoid: prove, perfect, always.

Answer key

First: b. Second: a. Give numbers. Stay careful with may and show.

Put it in order Done

3 min

Write 1 to 5. 1 is first.

A. Results show Group A scored higher.Order

B. Many students lose focus after long hours.Order

C. In conclusion, short homework may help.Order

D. This study aims to test short homework.Order

E. Sixty students joined for two weeks.Order

Answer key

B 1, D 2, E 3, A 4, C 5. Same as B A M R C.

Make it short Done

3 min

Say the same. Use fewer words.

1. Wordy: Due to the fact that students were very tired, they could not focus in an effective way.

Short version:

2. Wordy: The results of the study were of a kind that showed an improvement in the scores.

Short version:

3. Wordy: In conclusion, it can be said that it is possible that short tasks might be helpful.

Short version:

Tip: Cut due to the fact that, of a kind that, it can be said that. Keep numbers.

Answer key

1. Because students were tired, they could not focus well.
2. Results showed higher scores.
3. In conclusion, short tasks may help.

Your words can differ. Short and clear is good. Keep numbers if the sentence has one.

Which tense? Done

2 min

Choose the correct verb.

1. Background: Many students ___ tired after long hours.

felt (past, only yesterday) feel (present, general truth)

2. Method: Sixty students ___ the study in March.

joined join

3. Conclusion: Short homework ___ build habits.

improved yesterday only may (careful, present, like Day 13)

Answer key

1. feel. 2. joined. 3. may. Background present, method past, conclusion present with may.

Useful phrases Done

2 min

Bank: aims to, joined, show that, In conclusion. Same verbs as Day 14, now in abstract frames.

1. This studytest short homework and habits.

2. Sixty studentsthe study.

3. Resultsshort tasks help habits.

4.short homework may help students.

Answer key

1. aims to. 2. joined. 3. show that. 4. In conclusion. Copy these into your draft.

Build one together Done

5 min

First new numbers today. Same B A M R C order. Do with your teacher.

Topic: sleep and vocabulary. Data: 40 students, 3 weeks. Group A slept 8 hours. Group B slept 6 hours. Test: 15 word test. A remembered 12. B remembered 9.

1. Background: Many studentsbefore tests.

2. Aim: This studytest if sleep helps memory.

3. Method: Forty studentsthe study for three weeks.

4. ResultsGroup A remembered more words.

Say it first: Tell your teacher each sentence. Then type. Slow is good.

Answer key

Model lines: Many students forget words before tests. This study aims to test if sleep helps memory. Forty students joined the study for three weeks. Results show that Group A remembered more words, 12 compared to 9. In conclusion, enough sleep may help memory. Your words can differ slightly.

Plan your abstract Done

2 min

Step 1: choose A or B. Step 2: copy its 3 numbers. You need these numbers for your draft in Activity 13.

Option A: Homework and habits (easy)

Who: 60 students. Time: 2 weeks.
Group A: short tasks, 20 minutes each day.
Group B: long tasks, 90 minutes late at night.
Test: same habit test at the end.
Result: Group A scored 18 percent higher than Group B.

Option B: Sleep and words (challenge)

Who: 40 students. Time: 3 weeks.
Group A: slept 8 hours each night.
Group B: slept 6 hours each night.
Test: same 15 word test at the end.
Result: Group A remembered 12 words, Group B remembered 9 words.

Step 1: My topic is:

A) Homework and habits B) Sleep and words

Step 2: Copy YOUR 3 numbers here (how many, how long, result):

Answer key

Both topics are good. A is easiest because the numbers match the Act 2 model. Step 2 answers: A gives 60 students, 2 weeks, 18 percent higher. B gives 40 students, 3 weeks, 12 vs 9 words. Keep these same 3 numbers in your Activity 13 draft.

Write your draft 7 min Done

Write alone

100 to 150 words. Use B A M R C. Use your numbers.

Your abstract:

Words: 0. Aim: 100 to 150.

Frames to copy: Many... This study aims to... joined... Results show that... compared to... In conclusion... may...

Answer key, model for Topic A

If you chose A, use the Act 2 model (104 words, fits 100 to 150): Many students spend long late hours on homework and lose focus. Their habits become weak, and learning feels slow. Both Lee (2023) and Smith (2024) suggest short balanced tasks work best. This study aims to test if short daily homework builds stronger habits. Sixty students joined the study for two weeks in March. Group A did short 20 minute tasks each day. Group B did long 90 minute late tasks. All students took the same habit test at the end. Results show that Group A scored 18 percent higher than Group B. In conclusion, short daily homework may build stronger habits and protect focus.

If you chose B, join the Act 11 lines in order and add In conclusion, enough sleep may help memory.

Check with colours Done

3 min

Tick each box. Fix one thing.

B A M R C: I can find all 5 parts in my draft. Numbers: I have how many, how long, and one result number. Past tense in method: joined, did, took. Careful words: may, show, compared to. No prove or always. Length: 100 to 150 words.

One fix I will make:

Answer key

Good check: B in one colour, A in second, M in third, R in fourth, C in fifth. If one part is missing, add one sentence. If over 150 words, cut one extra adjective. Fix only one error today, add it to your error list.

Reflect and next step Done

2 min

Short. Honest. Then finish.

I can now write the 5 parts of an abstract:

Yes, with my notes. Almost, I need more practice.

My one goal for Day 17:

Homework, 15 to 20 min: Bring your draft to 100 to 150 words. OR rewrite one part with the correction. If tired, review your error list for 5 minutes.

Answer key

Both answers are good. Honest is best. Keep your abstract for Day 17. We will group sources by theme next. Well done.

Well done

One study. Five parts. Ready for Day 17.

0/15

Done

Best streak

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